What characterizes a plurality in an election?

A plurality in an election is characterized by the highest number of votes received by a candidate compared to others, but it does not necessarily mean that the candidate secures a majority of the total votes cast. A majority requires more than half of the votes, whereas a plurality simply requires having more votes than any other candidate, even if that number is less than 50% of the total. For example, in a race with three candidates, if one candidate receives 40% of the votes, while the other two receive 35% and 25%, the candidate with 40% has won by plurality despite not achieving a majority. This concept plays a crucial role in various electoral systems, particularly in settings where candidates can win seats without obtaining an outright majority of the votes.