What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The U.S. Congress is a bicameral legislature, meaning it is composed of two distinct chambers. These two parts are the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate consists of 100 members, with each state represented by two senators, serving staggered six-year terms. This structure is designed to provide equal representation for each state regardless of population size. On the other hand, the House of Representatives is made up of 435 members, with representation based on the population of each state, serving two-year terms. This setup allows for a more direct representation of the citizens’ preferences and interests. This dual structure is fundamental to the legislative process in the United States, enabling a system of checks and balances among the two chambers when creating and passing laws.